Giant voltages upon surface heating in normal YBa2Cu3O7−δfilms suggesting an atomic layer thermopile

Infrared Thermopile Temperature Measurement Technique in Microwave Heating Systems

Temperature measurement in microwave systems is essential for thermally driven processes, namely, catalytic reactions and ceramic sintering. Although, the application of direct thermometry methods, namely, thermocouples, have been commonly articulated in the available literature, however, contacted temperature measurement mechanisms have aroused concerns associated with the disruption of the el...

Silicon atomic layer growth using flash heating in CVD

-Si atomic layer growth on Si was investigated by heating the surface with a Xe flash lamp in an ultraclean low-pressure environment of SiH, or Si2H6 gas. In the case of SiH4, about 0.4 atomic layer deposition per single flash light shot was observed on Si(1OO) at a substrate temperature of 385OC and at a SiH, partial pressure of 500Pa. The adsorption process of SiH, can be explained quantitati...

Surface conduction on insulating BaTiO3 crystal suggesting an intrinsic surface electron layer.

We report conduction measurements on the clean, free surface of transparent insulating BaTiO3 single crystals in high vacuum. We find that the insulating BaTiO3 crystals exhibit surface conductance that is dependent on the spontaneous polarization, whereas no conduction perpendicular to the surface is observed. The surface conduction shows semimetallic temperature dependence and persists down t...

Atomic layer deposition: an overview.

Direct Observation of Inner-Layer Inward Contractions of Multiwalled Boron Nitride Nanotubes upon in Situ Heating

In situ heating transmission electron microscopy observations clearly reveal remarkable interlayer expansion and inner-layer inward contraction in multi-walled boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) as the specimen temperature increases. We interpreted the observed inward contraction as being due to the presence of the strong constraints of the outer layers on radial expansion in the tubular structure...